Fire blight cases in Almaty Region of Kazakhstan in the proximity of wild apple distribution area

Abstract Fire blight caused by Erwinia amylovora reached Kazakhstan in 2008. Here, the disease poses a threat not only to agricultural production of apples and pears, but also forests wild Malus sieversii , progenitor most domesticated apple varieties worldwide. In period 2019–2021, spread fire growth area was limited weather conditions. 2022, late spring early summer were characterized increased rainfall moderate temperatures favorable for disease. The goal this study monitor distribution private households small orchards zones adjacent areas. A total 91 samples with blight-compatible symptoms collected from cultural (68), (10), pear (5), hawthorn (7), quince (1) south-eastern eastern Kazakhstan, resulting 21 isolates (one pear, one quince, 19 apple) E. . All belonged archetypal CRISPR genotype A. Considering relative proximity infections M. additional measures control prevention will have be implemented, including state monitoring awareness campaigns specially protected natural territories that safeguard as well local pomaceous-fruit growing communities.